Genetic basis of cellcell fusion mechanisms ncbi nih. Fusion of nuclei of an immature cell, such as a stem cell, and a mature cell might generate proliferation and malignancy. Fused cells can undergo dramatic changes in signaling and behavior and acquire new developmental fates. Godsel3, alon peled1,2, natalia malchin1, ron bochner1, dan vodo1,2, tom rabinowitz4, mor pavlovsky1, shahar taiber1,2, maya fried1,2. Cellcell fusion of tumor and stromal cells is a mechanism of genetic transfer that is involved in the progression of malignancy. Mitochondria similarly impart considerable flexibility for tumor cell growth and survival in otherwise harsh environments, such as during nutrient depletion, hypoxia. Cellcell fusion as a mechanism of dna exchange in cancer. Filaggrin 2 deficiency results in abnormal cellcell. Normal muscle regeneration requires tight control of. The two families are required for fusion of epithelial cells. Request pdf state of the art in cellcell fusion mammalian life begins with a cell cell fusion event, i. Normal muscle regeneration requires tight control of muscle cell fusion by tetraspanins cd9 and cd81.
Cancers are influenced by both normal and malignant cells in local and. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has. The medical term is hyperplasia hyperplasia hyperplasia is the abnormal increase of normal cells within normal tissue. Prm1 and kar5 function in cellcell fusion and karyogamy. Cellcell fusion describes the process by which two cells combine their. Cell fusion in embryonic dorsal epithelial cells has been analyzed in great detail by confocal.
By contrast, eff1 and aff1 are required in both fusing. Cell fusion and nuclear fusion that occur in the formation of synkaryons can allow the resorting and recombination of chromosomal dna. This abnormal migration is also exhibited in vulval ectopically. Whenever the two nuclei merge a synkaryon is produced.
These multifaceted functions of mitochondria in normal physiology make them important cellular stress sensors, and allow for cellular adaptation to the environment. Mice deficient in izumo1 produce spermatozoa that appear morphologically normal, bind and. It has been shown in vivo that the fusion of malignant and normal cells increases malignancy in progeny in both intra and crossspecies fusions 26,32,33. Prm1 has a conserved function in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa both in sexual fusion and in vegetative cell merger see below. During fertilization, there is a barrier to further fusion events, whereas in somatic cell cell fusion, the fused cells are often competent and sometimes committed for new rounds of fusion, forming giant syncytia.
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